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''Telopea oreades'', commonly known as the Gippsland-, mountain- or Victorian waratah, is a large shrub or small tree in the family Proteaceae. Native to southeastern Australia, it is found in wet sclerophyll forest and rainforest on rich acidic soils high in organic matter. No subspecies are recognised, though a northern isolated population hybridises extensively with the Braidwood waratah (''T. mongaensis''). Reaching a height of up to , ''T. oreades'' grows with a single trunk and erect habit. It has dark green leaves with prominent veins that are long and wide. The red flower heads, known as inflorescences, appear in late spring. Each is composed of up to 60 individual flowers. In the garden, ''T. oreades'' grows in soils with good drainage and ample moisture in part-shaded or sunny positions. Several commercially available cultivars that are hybrid forms with ''T. speciosissima'' have been developed, such as the 'Shady Lady' series. The timber is hard and has been used for making furniture and tool handles. ==Description== ''Telopea oreades'' grows as a large shrub or narrow tree high with a trunk reaching in diameter. Greyish brown, the trunk is thin in relation to the tree's height and not buttressed. Its surface is smooth with horizontal lenticels and warty protuberances. Smaller branches are more brown and smooth. Young plants have a much more erect habit than other members of the genus ''Telopea'' and their stems have a distinct reddish tinge. The shiny dark green leaves are arranged alternately along the stems.〔 The leaves are narrow-obovate to spathulate, and measure long and wide. They have a sunken midrib on the upperside (and corresponding ridge on the underside) with four to six pairs of lateral veins visible at a 45 degree angle to the midline. They veer and converge to form an easily seen vein that runs around inside the leaf margin. The undersurface is paler and greyer.〔 When dried, the leaves appear to have a granular texture. Flowering occurs between October and December in its native range, with plants at higher elevations flowering later than ones at lower altitude. The crimson flowerheads, known as inflorescences, are about in diameter.〔 They are composed of 36 to 60 individual flowers with green to pink bracts,〔 which may be up to long. Each flower is encased in a long perianth,〔 which is a much brighter red on the surface facing the centre of the flower than the surface facing outwards. Anthesis, or the opening of the flowers, begins with those at the centre of the flowerhead and moves to the edges or base. The individual flower bears a sessile anther (that is, it lacks a filament), which lies next to the stigma at the end of the style. The ovary lies at the base of the style and atop a stalk known as the gynophore, and it is from here that the seed pods then develop. Meanwhile, a crescent-shaped nectary lies at the base of the gynophore. After flowering, the curved leathery to woody follicles develop; these are long,〔 which somewhat resemble a boat in shape. These ripen the following May to September, and split open to reveal (and spill) 10–16 seeds. Arranged in two columns, the winged, flat brown seeds are around long with a roughly rectangular wing long.〔 New shoots often grow through flowerheads. It can be difficult to distinguish ''T. oreades'' from ''T. mongaensis'' though the leaves of the latter species are more prominently veined,〔 and mostly (but not always) narrower than wide. ''Telopea oreades'' flowers around a month earlier than ''T. mongaensis'' in areas where both are present.〔 抄文引用元・出典: フリー百科事典『 ウィキペディア（Wikipedia）』 ■ウィキペディアで「Telopea oreades」の詳細全文を読む スポンサード リンク
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